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Men are more likely to use meth than women. These users were mostly white and male and live in the West though increasing in the east. Within the age subgroup with the highest overall methamphetamine use (18 to 25 year olds), non-students had substantially higher methamphetamine use (0.85 percent) than students (0.23 percent). The latest National Survey on Drug Use and Health released in 2013, revealed 12.3 million Americans age 12 and older used methamphetamine at least once in their lifetimes (5.2 percent of the population), and most between 18 and 34 years of age. Methamphetamine use is most common among males between the ages of 18 and 49. Lifetime use was estimated to be 8.6 percent. The overall prevalence of current non-medical methamphetamine use in the U.S. In the United States the prevalence of methamphetamine use is beginning to decline but methamphetamine trafficking and use are still significant problems. The rampant caries associated with meth is caused by a combination of drug-induced psychological and pharmacological l changes causing xerostomia, poor oral hygiene, frequent use of high calorie, carbonated drinks and bruxism, and clenching, and the acidic nature of the drug is a contributing factor.Ī: The prevalence of methamphetamine use is estimated at 35 million people worldwide. A unique severe pattern of decay is seen on the facial smooth surface of the teeth and interproximal surfaces of the anterior teeth (see Panels A & B). Unusual rampant caries is a hall mark sign of “meth mouth”. Q: How does meth affect the mouth and teeth?Ī: The oral effects of methamphetamine use can be overwhelming. Other systemic effects include: shortness of breath, hyperthermia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Systemic effects with high doses include increases in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure due to cardiac stimulation and arrhythmias. Meth use ultimately causes depletion of monoamines in the brain, which can have an effect on learning. Long-standing effects include mental addiction, stroke, aggressive behavior, anxiety, confusion, paranoia, auditory hallucination, mood disturbances, and delusions. Short-range effects include insomnia, hyperactivity, and decreased desire for food, increased respiration, and tremors. Meth is a neurotoxin and powerful stimulant, which causes cerebral edema and hemorrhage, paranoia, and hallucinations. When meth alters levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, it causes feelings of bliss and euphoria. Several areas of the brain are affected: the nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, and striatum. Meth is also found as small, brightly colored tablets often called by their Thai name, Yaba.Ī:Methamphetamine stimulates release and blocks re-uptake of neurotransmitters monoamines (dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin) in the brain. This is the form known as “ice” or “crystal meth” and it is smoked in a manner similar to crack cocaine. Another common form of the drug is a clear, chunky crystal. Typically, it is a pungent tasting powder that easily dissolves in beverages. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT METHAMPHETAMINE ABUSEĪ: Methamphetamine is smoked, snorted, injected, or taken orally. Additionally heavy soft drink use, due to severe xerostomia caused by meth, adds to the devastating effects in the oral cavity. Oral health effects of meth use are coupled strongly to severe oral health effects. Meth is a powerful central nervous system stimulant, which leads to permanent brain damage. Meth production is inexpensive, easy to make and the effect lasts longer than crack cocaine (12 hours versus one hour for cocaine).
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Methamphetamine (Meth) use is increasing rapidly in the U.S. It is sometime referred to a poor man's cocaine. Methamphetamine (meth) is a commonly abused, potent stimulant drug that is part of a larger family of is an amphetamine derivative with similar stimulant properties.